Tirzepatide "GLP-1 Injection" "Medical Weight Loss"

Tirzepatide is a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. By mimicking the actions of these incretin hormones, tirzepatide enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, and promotes satiety, leading to improved glycemic control and significant weight loss. Pharmacokinetically, tirzepatide is administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection, with a long half-life of approximately 5 days, allowing for sustained effects. It reaches peak plasma concentrations within 24–48 hours, with steady-state levels achieved after 4 weeks of regular dosing. Tirzepatide is primarily metabolized through proteolytic degradation, with minimal renal clearance, making it suitable for patients with mild to moderate kidney impairment.

Dosing:

The typical dosing of tirzepatide for weight loss follows a gradual dose-escalation schedule to improve tolerability and minimize gastrointestinal side effects. The patient stops at the dose where adequate weight loss occurs. The standard dosing regimen is:

• Starting Dose: 2.5 mg once weekly (not intended for weight loss but for tolerability).
• Dose Escalation: Increase to 5 mg once weekly based on tolerance.
• Further Increases: If needed, the dose can be increased in 2.5 mg increments every 4 weeks (i.e., 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, and up to 15 mg once weekly).
• Maximum Dose: 15 mg once weekly.

Side-effects:

Tirzepatide is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause some side effects, primarily related to the gastrointestinal system. The most common side effects include:

Gastrointestinal Side Effects:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Abdominal Pain

To minimize side effects, patients should follow the dose-escalation schedule, stay hydrated, eat smaller meals, and avoid greasy or heavy foods. If severe or persistent side effects occur, medical attention is advised.

In-short:

Tirzepatide is highly effective for weight loss due to its dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist action, which enhances satiety, reduces appetite, and slows gastric emptying. Clinical trials have shown significant weight reductions, with some individuals losing up to 20% of their body weight, making it one of the most powerful medications for obesity management. Additionally, its once-weekly dosing offers convenience, and it provides metabolic benefits such as improved blood sugar control and reduced cardiovascular risk factors.